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CDL — Commercial Driver's License
Free CDL practice for the commercial driver's license knowledge tests, with Chinese & Spanish explanations and an English-term glossary. The real CDL test is in English, and federal rules (FMCSA, 49 CFR 391.11) require English proficiency to drive commercially.
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Real test language: the official CDL — Commercial Driver's License is given in English.
CoverageFederal examQuestions1,281+
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🗂️ Exam administration by state
How the CDL knowledge (written) test is administered varies by state — the agency, test languages, pass mark, fee and retake rules differ. English is available in every state; a few states offer the CDL written test in other languages, but several have moved to English-only (Texas and Florida in 2026). The license structure is federal and uniform: Class A/B/C, the air-brake restriction, and endorsements (H-Hazmat, N-Tank, P-Passenger, S-School Bus, T-Doubles/Triples). The real test is in English, and federal rules require English proficiency to drive commercially (FMCSA, 49 CFR 391.11). Always confirm with your state's licensing agency.
| State | Agency | Written-test languages | To pass |
|---|---|---|---|
| CaliforniaCalifornia DMV | California DMV | English, Arabic, Chinese, Punjabi, Russian, Spanish | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50)official source ↗ |
| TexasTexas DPS (Driver License Division) | Texas DPS | English | 80% (40/50)official source ↗ |
| FloridaFlorida HSMV (FLHSMV) | FLHSMV | English | 80% (40/50)official source ↗ |
| New YorkNew York State DMV | New York State DMV | English, Spanish, Chinese, Russian | 80% (40/50)official source ↗ |
| PennsylvaniaPennDOT (Driver & Vehicle Services) | PennDOT | English, Spanish | 80% (Class A 70 Q; Class B/C 50 Q, 40/50) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| IllinoisIllinois Secretary of State | Illinois Secretary of State | English, Spanish | 80% (≥35 questions per test) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| OhioOhio BMV | Ohio BMV | English | 80% (federal minimum; Ohio % not separately published)official source ↗ |
| GeorgiaGeorgia Dept. of Driver Services (DDS) | Georgia DDS | English | 80% (DDS: passing score for all knowledge tests is 80%)official source ↗ |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina DMV | North Carolina DMV | English, Spanish | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50; 80% each test)official source ↗ |
| MichiganMichigan Secretary of State | Michigan Secretary of State | English | 80% (each test)official source ↗ |
| New JerseyNew Jersey Motor Vehicle Commission (MVC) | New Jersey MVC | English, Spanish | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50)official source ↗ |
| VirginiaVirginia DMV | Virginia DMV | English, Spanish, Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, Russian, Arabic, Farsi, Amharic, French, Japanese, Punjabi, Urdu, Nepali, Pashto, Dari, Turkish, Twi, Thai, Kurdish, Mongolian, Italian, German, Haitian Creole, American Sign Language | 80% (General Knowledge section 24/30)official source ↗ |
| WashingtonWashington State Dept. of Licensing (DOL) | Washington State DOL | English, Spanish, Russian, Serbo-Croatian | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50)official source ↗ |
| ArizonaArizona MVD (ADOT) | Arizona MVD (ADOT) | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50)official source ↗ |
| TennesseeTN Dept. of Safety & Homeland Security (Driver Services)to verify | Tennessee Dept. of Safety & Homeland Security | English | 80% (federal §383.135; TN CDL-specific not published)official source ↗ |
| MassachusettsMassachusetts RMV | Massachusetts RMV | English, Spanish, Portuguese | 80% (federal §383.135; MA-stated % not published)official source ↗ |
| IndianaIndiana BMV | Indiana BMV | English | 80% on each component (federal §383.135)official source ↗ |
| MissouriMissouri Dept. of Revenue (exam by MO State Highway Patrol) | Missouri Dept. of Revenue | English | 80% (25 questions; may miss up to 5)official source ↗ |
| MarylandMaryland MVA (MDOT MVA) | Maryland MVA | English, Spanish | 80% (federal §383.135; MD-stated % not published)official source ↗ |
| WisconsinWisconsin DOT, Division of Motor Vehicles | Wisconsin DOT (DMV) | English, American Sign Language, Burmese, Croatian, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Spanish | 80% or more correctofficial source ↗ |
| ColoradoColorado DMV (Dept. of Revenue) | Colorado DMV | English, Spanish | 80% (federal minimum; General Knowledge 40/50, HazMat 24/30)official source ↗ |
| MinnesotaMinnesota DVS (Dept. of Public Safety) | Minnesota DVS | English | 80% (federal §383.135; MN-stated number not published)official source ↗ |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina DMV (SCDMV) | South Carolina DMV | English | 80% (CDL Manual: 'written or oral, may be passed with a score of 80% or higher'; 40/50)official source ↗ |
| AlabamaAlabama Law Enforcement Agency (ALEA), Driver License Divisionto verify | Alabama ALEA | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal §383official source ↗ |
| LouisianaLouisiana Office of Motor Vehicles (OMV), DPS&C | Louisiana OMV | English | 80% (40/50) — federal §383.135official source ↗ |
| KentuckyKY Transportation Cabinet (license); Kentucky State Police (testing) | Kentucky State Police (KSP) | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal §383.135official source ↗ |
| OklahomaService Oklahoma (DPS)to verify | Service Oklahoma | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| ConnecticutConnecticut DMV | Connecticut DMV | English, Spanish | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50; Air Brakes 20/25; HazMat 24/30)official source ↗ |
| UtahUtah Driver License Division (DLD), DPS | Utah DLD | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — all CDL written testsofficial source ↗ |
| IowaIowa DOT, Motor Vehicle Division | Iowa DOT | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50; may miss 10)official source ↗ |
| NevadaNevada DMV | Nevada DMV | English | 80% or better — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| ArkansasArkansas DFA Driver Services (license); Arkansas State Police (testing)to verify | Arkansas State Police (testing) | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50)official source ↗ |
| KansasKansas Dept. of Revenue, Division of Vehiclesto verify | Kansas Division of Vehicles | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal min (not separately stated by KS)official source ↗ |
| MississippiMississippi DPS, Driver Service Bureau (Highway Patrol)to verify | Mississippi DPS | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| OregonOregon DMV (ODOT) | Oregon DMV | English | 80% (federal min; OR does not publish a CDL-specific count)official source ↗ |
| New MexicoNew Mexico MVD (Taxation & Revenue Dept.) | New Mexico MVD | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — 'must score at least 80% to pass each exam'official source ↗ |
| NebraskaNebraska DMV | Nebraska DMV | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| IdahoIdaho Transportation Dept. (ITD) DMV; tests at county sheriff offices | Idaho ITD (county sheriff offices) | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia DMV (Dept. of Transportation)to verify | West Virginia DMV | English | 80% (CDL Manual: knowledge test 'must be taken and passed, with at least an 80% score')official source ↗ |
| HawaiiCounty licensing divisions (Honolulu/Hawaii/Maui/Kauai); manual by Hawaii DOTto verify | Hawaii county licensing divisions | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal minofficial source ↗ |
| MaineMaine Bureau of Motor Vehicles (BMV), Secretary of State | Maine BMV | English | 80% (General Knowledge 40/50) — federal min (ME publishes 80% for non-commercial only)official source ↗ |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire DMV (Dept. of Safety)to verify | New Hampshire DMV | English | 80% ('all knowledge exams require a passing grade of 80%'; General Knowledge 40/50)official source ↗ |
| MontanaMontana MVD (Dept. of Justice)to verify | Montana MVD | English | 80% (federal min; MT does not publish a numeric CDL pass score/count)official source ↗ |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island DMV | Rhode Island DMV | English | 80% (federal min; AAMVA 2005 model; RI does not publish its own number)official source ↗ |
| DelawareDelaware DMV (DelDOT)to verify | Delaware DMV | English | 80% (federal min; DE does not publish its own number)official source ↗ |
Languages, fees and rules change — confirm with the official source linked for each state. 待核 / 'To confirm' = not yet confirmed from an official source (shown honestly, never guessed). The 2025 federal English-Language-Proficiency action is roadside out-of-service enforcement, not a state test-language mandate; states set their own written-test languages (Texas and Florida moved to English-only in 2026).